The basic objective of pruning is to maintain physiologically healthy, aesthetically attractive and environmentally safe plants. Pruning also stimulates fruit and flower production and increases the value of the timber.
Pruning of tree is a horticultural practice. It aids in alteration of forms of the plants and shrubs and restrains the unwanted growth. Considering it from a scientific and aesthetic point of view, it is a kind of preventive maintenance for the trees. If pruned appropriately and at the right time, a varieties of problems associated with the formative period could be easily prevented.
The following are the reasons why tree pruning is needed.
Promotion of Plant health.
i) Branches might be injured by disease, infestation by insects, animals, storms or other kind of external violent motion. They need to be pruned so as to allow the healthy portion to survive with good health
ii) Branches rubbing with each other need to be pruned so as to avoid general damage to the plant health.
iii) Large branches obstruct normal growth of subduing parts thus destroying the natural shape of the plants or shrubs. They also cause suckering and weak plants to grow.
2. Maintenance of desired landscape: Tree pruning is needed so as to encourage proper display of blossomed flowers and development of fruits in their natural ways. Pruning also helps to maintain a dense hedge and desired aesthetic forms.
3. Improvement of Plant Appearance: Tree Pruning is needed to restrain unwanted growth, to keep them within the desired proportion and to keep the tree free from undesirable branches, waterspouts, suckers, and unwanted fruiting. Structures which tend to detract from usual appearance of the plants.
4. Safety and Protection: pruning of trees is needed so as to rid it out of the dead or hanging branches that pose threat to the general safety of people and properties. It involves pruning of trees under the following circumstances.
i) Removal of weak or narrow-angled branches of trees that hang over homes, parking areas, pathways and roadways.
ii) Branches intercepting with street lights, traffic signals and over head wires need to be pruned before they cause any serious damage. However, for those affecting the electrical or utility wires, the concerned departments need to contact for pruning by their maintenance workers.
iii)In case vision is obstructed by prime branches, they need to be pruned.
iv)Branches or shrubs encroaching upon or obstructing the entry to your home need to be pruned.
v)Young branches need to be pruned, without affecting the leading ones.
vi)Crossing branches and those growing back towards the centre of the tree need to be pruned.
vii)Lower branches may be pruned so as to allow the young branches to grow to form the crown. Branches too closely spaced on the trunk also need to be pruned.
viii)In case a single leading plant is desired, the multiple leaders need to be pruned.
ix)In order to change the natural form of trees, all new growths are pruned annually.
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